1. 攝影cnu

手賬，意思是指用于記事的本子。是當(dāng)下比較流行的備忘錄的一種方式，手帳不僅能提醒自己記著家人、朋友的生日和約會，還能安排每天的工作，很多人把它當(dāng)做簡短的日記本。

如何準(zhǔn)備工具

1、貼紙、手賬膠帶。這是手賬中最基本，也最受愛好者們喜愛的。貼紙、貼紙膠帶，既好看又實(shí)用，特別適合不太會畫畫的小伙伴們。

貼紙，手賬膠帶：在做手賬過程中，可以順著本子邊緣貼，也可以重疊貼，還可以裁剪一下貼在寫字的位置上，使整體排版布局變得更加好看，根據(jù)自己的喜好來使用即可。

2、油漆筆、蠟筆。油漆筆有軟頭、硬頭之分，十分適合作畫，特別是金色和銀色油漆筆，頗受愛好者的喜愛。而蠟筆不論是填色還是畫畫都很好。各自別具特點(diǎn)，也都是手賬常備。

油漆筆，蠟筆：在手賬中做一些簡單的繪畫。

3、透明印章、亞克力板、印泥。同樣，手賬最重要的一部分就是圖案。透明印章以其柔軟的質(zhì)地，便于愛好者們收藏和攜帶。比普通木制印章更方便，同時也提供了一套完美的小圖案。

透明印章，印泥：使用透明印章，或者亞克力板蘸取一些印泥，就可以印到筆記本上面啦。

4、手工剪刀、膠棒。如果平時在廢棄雜志或者書中看到好看的小圖案，不妨將它剪下來，最后用膠棒，粘上筆記本上。又是不一樣的貼紙呢。

5、空白頁或格子頁手賬本，選擇一個質(zhì)量較好且好看的方格或空白頁筆記本吧。

6、表情小印、貓爪釘孔機(jī)。小表情有笑臉有哭臉，各種表情，可以記錄每日小心情。貓爪釘孔機(jī)呢，還用很多別的樣式，也為你的手賬增添光彩。

手賬類型

日常手帳

這類型手帳通常是最普遍的，顧名思義就是記錄日常生活以及心情的手帳，有些小伙伴喜歡記錄生活小確幸福，也有一些喜歡把吐槽都寫進(jìn)去。

效率手帳

與記錄不同的是，效率手帳往往是規(guī)劃與記錄、總結(jié)相結(jié)合。比如你可以在每天早上花點(diǎn)時間，把今天的代辦事宜都一一列舉出來，以免自己忘記，晚上總結(jié)是否都完成，過程中是否有阻力，完成情況如何。

讀書手帳

在這個時代，書是如此觸手可及，從紙質(zhì)到電子，閱讀的方便程度是如此之高。然而方便也就意味著信息量的爆炸，這個時候何不拿出一本本子，以傳統(tǒng)的方式來加深記憶或者抒發(fā)情感呢。

觀影手帳

每個人都有自己的愛好，電影是一個非常大眾的愛好，也是一門感官體驗(yàn)的藝術(shù)，一句臺詞，一個鏡頭值得記錄，也帶著回憶。

旅行手帳

旅行手帳是圈內(nèi)一個很重要的類別，帶著手帳去旅行一直都是熱門話題，貼個地圖，拍個風(fēng)景，大餐。這樣一來，美好的旅程就被記錄了下來。

美食手帳

這是一個吃吃吃的年代，連奶茶都有800個花樣，無論是動手自己畫，還是拍照貼在手帳本里，都是讓人幸福的事。

拼貼手帳

就是以各種素材，包括但不限于雜志，貼紙，膠帶，照片等，拼貼在一起的作品?？赡苡腥藭?，手帳不寫字還叫手帳么，我認(rèn)為記錄不一定要靠文字的，拼貼也展現(xiàn)了你當(dāng)下的心情與狀態(tài)。并且在服裝設(shè)計(jì)，藝術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)領(lǐng)域里，以拼貼為呈現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)靈感的方式也很常見。

博物手帳

博物手帳有點(diǎn)類似于圖鑒，比如植物圖鑒，服裝圖鑒，家具圖鑒等一系列以知識為載體的手帳，往往需要手繪或者照片穿插在其中。

介紹了這么多，大家快行動起來，一起做手帳呀！

如何制作

選擇風(fēng)格

每個人喜好的風(fēng)格都是不同的，以下就是比較常見的一些風(fēng)格，供大家參考。

填充內(nèi)容

文字排版

1、垂直水平法和斜切一半法

2、布置對角線的對稱排版法

3、簡約排版法：列點(diǎn)表達(dá)內(nèi)容，一點(diǎn)法、兩點(diǎn)法、三點(diǎn)法

微手繪

分割線

方法一

1、首先在手賬本上畫出幾個文本框。

2、然后拿出手賬膠帶，選擇喜歡的圖案粘貼起來。

3、接著用熒光筆畫出文本線。

4、最后用勾線筆描上虛線更立體哦。

5、排版完成了。

方法二

1、可以用app制作手賬，那么想要用什么軟件就根據(jù)自己搜索出來的喜好來進(jìn)行選擇就可以啦。

2、選擇好自己喜歡的app，那么我們就可以開始制作啦。

例如：Mori手賬的操作流程，每個app其實(shí)操作流程都會差不多，就看個人喜好進(jìn)行操作就可以了。

3、點(diǎn)擊做手賬。

4、點(diǎn)擊背景。

5、各種背景挑選。

6、點(diǎn)擊貼紙，可挑選喜歡的。

7、這里還可以任意選擇模板。

8、點(diǎn)擊畫筆有很多可愛的款式。

這樣就可以在手機(jī)上去做自己喜歡的手賬啦，隨時隨地都很方便，軟件有很多款，根據(jù)自己喜歡的去選擇就可以了！

推薦學(xué)習(xí)方法

1、可以從抖音參考制作的方法，有很多的種類，總有一款是自己所喜歡的哦。

2、西瓜視頻也會有更加具體的制作教程和分享。

3、也可以和喜歡做手賬的朋友們積極交流，互相學(xué)習(xí)！

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"手賬，意思是指用","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"于記事的本子。是當(dāng)下比較流行的備忘錄的一種方式，手帳不僅能提醒自己記著家人、朋友的生日和約會，還能安排每天的工作，很多人把它當(dāng)做簡短的日記本。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6qgoA2MUoEUa8Rq5Sxp2Sc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"如何準(zhǔn)備工具","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkvjBFL590q5ORQuTH41xxf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、貼紙、手賬膠帶。這是手賬中最基本，也最受愛好者們喜愛的。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"貼紙、貼紙膠帶，既好看又實(shí)用，特別適合不太會畫畫的小伙伴們。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAEkoUiKe6GKumU4EhMSBzg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"貼紙，手賬膠帶：在做手賬過程中，可以順著本子邊緣貼，也可以重疊貼，還可以裁剪一下貼在寫字的位置上，使整體排版布局變得更加好看，根據(jù)自己的喜好來使用即可。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2WAGiUQwKMsUG2TyZTdmKc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":566,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何準(zhǔn)備工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e24f23675271432d9b1124f067acb849","width":1097},"text":"","id":"doxcnGesY0Ki4wGIYuCrx5Qckuc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、油漆筆、蠟筆。油漆筆有軟頭、硬頭之分","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"，","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"十分適合作畫，特別是金色和銀色油漆筆，頗受愛好者的喜愛。而蠟筆不論是填色還是畫畫都很好","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"各自別具特點(diǎn)","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"，","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"也","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"都","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"是手賬常備。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngkoqM2QMoayM4enQ0zYyOw"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"油漆筆，蠟筆：在手賬中做一些簡單的繪畫。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnU44M6MS6KS60gN3j5uxRmc"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":584,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何準(zhǔn)備工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/af283e56753c421cb620e1146c30f820","width":1082},"text":"","id":"doxcnukiIuAQiEiqmIjyuBWsFOh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":349,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何準(zhǔn)備工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5bcf64fdafa148c5b5d38cf6b755d005","width":632},"text":"","id":"doxcn4gYaIMIekGI0wnxcJdaY9c"}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEAwU2cuqi2AyQ3GKT9wsoc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、透明印章、亞克力板、印泥。同樣，手賬最重要的一部分就是圖案。透明印章以其柔軟的質(zhì)地，便于愛好者們收藏和攜帶。比普通木制印章更方便，同時也提供了一套完美的小圖案。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEAwU2cuqi2AyQ3GKT9wsoc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"透明印章，印泥：使用透明印章，或者亞克力板蘸取一些印泥，就可以印到筆記本上面啦。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqCaUQgGU6O6A6PRVnCghFc"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":684,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何準(zhǔn)備工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c20fb102fe4a42909272e5a7dd83bf7e","width":1130},"text":"","id":"doxcnq2GaYy00iEcWK643KK8oxd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":685,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何準(zhǔn)備工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a12424f2151348e0a8ddac4ca58dd776","width":1092},"text":"","id":"doxcn6Mi0WWK4Y4GYg2C0dT9R6H"}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEEeUIYgIoYeiE9BSjiCmBh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、手工剪刀、膠棒。如果平時在廢棄雜志或者書中看到好看的小圖案，不妨將它剪下來，最后用膠棒，粘上筆記本上。又是不一樣的貼紙呢。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEEeUIYgIoYeiE9BSjiCmBh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":663,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何準(zhǔn)備工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3694b434e0394557a2ba06aa829f5e36","width":1078},"text":"","id":"doxcnGWmmmwQEcSGOqs1ZDFWEff"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、空白頁或格子頁手賬本，選擇一個質(zhì)量較好且好看的方格或空白頁筆記本吧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuGkGUIsMoEGAU9VakrSZlg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":459,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何準(zhǔn)備工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2466ce14140341fc98a8ecc2ca254dec","width":721},"text":"","id":"doxcnOIGikYaaQUKcycjxcM9dmf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、表情小印、貓爪釘孔機(jī)。小表情有笑臉有哭臉，各種表情，可以記錄每日小心情。貓爪釘孔機(jī)呢，還用很多別的樣式，也為你的手賬增添光彩。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIG8iYE4wu6ImqNRJTHALsb"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":673,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何準(zhǔn)備工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8fe50b27705a4eaea7e56ebbd4dfdd6d","width":1088},"text":"","id":"doxcns4Ocy4s4wE8uSEGQJu4EAf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":414,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何準(zhǔn)備工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e43225f4257e4f5183734cd13e314760","width":620},"text":"","id":"doxcngM0WMKK6sWWguMjXcpTrUb"}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaOAy6m0gKcw0yOHQIsmMlc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"手賬類型","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaOAy6m0gKcw0yOHQIsmMlc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"日常手帳","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncwSCyWeW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","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSI40CsmyieGeamCTHm3yOe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":622,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"推薦學(xué)習(xí)方法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b20e5ad7a03a4af28323f7e41cf42b68","width":895},"text":"","id":"doxcnGE8CesWEoqssUJiu6P6QGd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"西瓜視頻也會有更加具體的制作教程和分享。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnccWSyGUcSgcWeMadwZUd4f"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":534,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"推薦學(xué)習(xí)方法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7a2c96caea884872a52589d0e88f4380","width":944},"text":"","id":"doxcnMoyQOGO8qkGEu0DaXK3xAd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、也可以和喜歡做手賬的朋友們積極交流，互相學(xué)習(xí)！","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuSuq6OYYaYikYJjt5Tinfd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEgmWg6qkaE8EG8EOxNGjCe"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E

2. 攝影cn

按照實(shí)際影響力，根據(jù)百度pr值十大攝影類網(wǎng)站排名分別是：

1.百度圖片

2.美桌網(wǎng)

3.全景圖片網(wǎng)

4.美圖王

5.蜂鳥網(wǎng)

6.唯一圖庫

7.堆糖網(wǎng)

8.色影無忌

9.圖行天下

10. 圖蟲網(wǎng)

如果是專業(yè)論壇類使用最多的是蜂鳥論壇和色影無忌。

3. 攝影CNU

美容師是指根據(jù)顧客的臉型、皮膚特點(diǎn)和要求，為其清潔、護(hù)理、保養(yǎng)皮膚，美化容顏的人員。

基本技能

美容師需要掌握以下基本技能

一、皮膚護(hù)理：能對全身皮膚進(jìn)行護(hù)理；能根據(jù)皮膚的特點(diǎn)選用保養(yǎng)品；能指導(dǎo)顧客對全身皮膚進(jìn)行養(yǎng)護(hù)、保?。孩賴鴥?nèi)外高新技術(shù)；②保養(yǎng)品功效、原料作用機(jī)理；③全身皮膚護(hù)理的常用穴位；④皮膚病理生理；

二、化妝：（一）夢幻妝：能畫夢幻妝，知道個性化妝造型要素；服裝設(shè)計(jì)造型知識；常用造型材料的性質(zhì)及應(yīng)用知識；人體彩繪造型應(yīng)用知識。（二）個性化妝：造型能進(jìn)行創(chuàng)意化妝；

三、紋飾美容：（一）紋眉：能夠根據(jù)顧客的臉型及年齡、皮膚物質(zhì)、職業(yè)等客觀因素，設(shè)計(jì)出自然的眉形、睫毛線；能運(yùn)用多種紋術(shù)手段進(jìn)行飾洗修；能指導(dǎo)他人進(jìn)行紋飾洗修，并能處理紋后皮膚異常反應(yīng)：①各種皮膚異常反應(yīng)的類型；②紋后皮膚異常反應(yīng)處理方法。（二）紋睫毛線；

四、美體：能指導(dǎo)他人對各種類型的體形進(jìn)行分析；能指導(dǎo)他人結(jié)各類體形的減肥健胸選擇最佳方法；能指導(dǎo)他人用多種方法進(jìn)行減肥健胸；能指導(dǎo)他人減肥健胸后的保健輔導(dǎo)及多種美體方法：①國內(nèi)外減肥健胸方法腦發(fā)展趨勢；②各種肥胖原因，減肥健胸新儀器的功效；③減肥健胸后的異常情況的成因和處理方法。

五、培訓(xùn)指導(dǎo)：（一）指導(dǎo)能指導(dǎo)初、中、高級美容師教學(xué)教法基本知識。（二）教學(xué)①能勝任培訓(xùn)工作；②能撰寫工作總結(jié)、經(jīng)驗(yàn)總結(jié)。

六、經(jīng)營管理：（一）營銷策劃：能組織美容院進(jìn)行有效的廣告宣傳；能組織建立銷售網(wǎng)絡(luò)：①廣告學(xué)基本知識及市場營銷知識；②經(jīng)營管理基本知識；③企業(yè)經(jīng)營管理相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)基本知識。（二）技術(shù)更新能定期接受新技術(shù)培訓(xùn)，并能熟練運(yùn)用一些新技術(shù)進(jìn)行操作國內(nèi)外美容發(fā)展趨勢及新技術(shù)、新方法。

證書等級

目前美容師資格證主要分為初級、中級、高級、技師和高級技師這五個等級。

每個等級的申報(bào)條件不一樣，證書在外部的權(quán)威性也略有差別，證書等級越高權(quán)威性越高，一般建議考取中級美容師證以上的證書。

下面是證書等級的具體報(bào)考條件，具備以下條件之一者即可提報(bào)相應(yīng)等級考試。

初級美容師

初級美容師證也是國家職業(yè)資格五級證書。

1、年滿19周歲，持有身份證者，且學(xué)習(xí)美容相關(guān)課程，經(jīng)本職業(yè)初級正規(guī)培訓(xùn)達(dá)規(guī)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)時數(shù)，并取得結(jié)業(yè)證書。

2、在本職業(yè)連續(xù)見習(xí)工作2年以上。

中級美容師

中級美容師相當(dāng)于國家職業(yè)資格四級證書，年滿21周歲。

1、取得本職業(yè)初級職業(yè)資格證書后，連續(xù)從事本職業(yè)工作2年以上，經(jīng)本職業(yè)中級正規(guī)培訓(xùn)達(dá)規(guī)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)時數(shù)，并取得結(jié)業(yè)證書。

2、取得本職業(yè)初級職業(yè)資格證書后，連續(xù)從事本職業(yè)工作5年以上。

3、取得經(jīng)勞動保障行政部門審核認(rèn)定的、以中級技能為培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)的中等以上職業(yè)學(xué)校本職業(yè)( 專業(yè)) 畢業(yè)證書。

高級美容師

高級美容師相當(dāng)于國家職業(yè)資格三級證書，年滿23周歲。

1、取得本職業(yè)中級職業(yè)資格證書后，連續(xù)從事本職業(yè)工作4年以上，經(jīng)本職業(yè)高級正規(guī)培訓(xùn)達(dá)規(guī)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)時數(shù)，并取得結(jié)業(yè)證書。

2、取得本職業(yè)中級職業(yè)資格證書后，連續(xù)從事本職業(yè)工作7年以上。

3、取得本職業(yè)中級職業(yè)資格證書的大?；蛳嚓P(guān)專業(yè)畢業(yè)生,連續(xù)從事本職業(yè)工作2年以上。

4、取得經(jīng)高級技工學(xué)?；騽趧颖Ｕ闲姓块T審核認(rèn)定的、以高級技能為培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)的高等以上職業(yè)學(xué)校本職業(yè)(專業(yè)) 畢業(yè)證書。

技師

技師相當(dāng)于國家職業(yè)資格二級證書。

1、取得本職業(yè)高級職業(yè)資格證書后，連續(xù)從事本職業(yè)工作5年以上，經(jīng)本職業(yè)技師正規(guī)培訓(xùn)達(dá)規(guī)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)時數(shù)，并取得結(jié)業(yè)證書。

2、取得本職業(yè)高級職業(yè)資格證書后，連續(xù)從事本職業(yè)工作8年以上。

3、取得本職業(yè)高級職業(yè)資格證書后的高級技工學(xué)校本職業(yè)（專業(yè)）畢業(yè)生，連續(xù)從事本職業(yè)工作2年以上。

高級技師

高級技師相當(dāng)于國家職業(yè)資格一級證書。

1、取得本職業(yè)技師職業(yè)資格證書后，連續(xù)從事本職業(yè)工作3年以上，經(jīng)本職業(yè)高級技師正規(guī)培訓(xùn)達(dá)規(guī)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)時數(shù)，并取得結(jié)業(yè)證書。

2、取得本職業(yè)技師職業(yè)資格證書后，連續(xù)從事本職業(yè)工作6年以上。

考試方式

考核形式

1、考核方式：包括理論知識考試和操作技能考核兩部分。理論知識考試采用閉卷筆試方式，技能操作考核采用現(xiàn)場實(shí)際操作方式 。理論知識考試和技能操作考核均實(shí)行百分制，成績皆達(dá)60分以上者為合格。

2、考試時間：初、中級級別：理論知識考試為100分鐘，技能操作考核為90分鐘 。高級級別：理論知識考試為120分鐘，技能操作考核為120分鐘。

考試內(nèi)容

理論考試內(nèi)容

理論知識考試試題難度以中等難度為主，約占70%；難度低的試題約占20%；難度高的試題約占10%。理論考試涵蓋以下內(nèi)容：

1、職業(yè)道德

（1）職業(yè)道德基本要求

（2）職業(yè)守則

2、基礎(chǔ)知識

a、美容的基本概念：

（1）美容的定義及分類

（2）美容業(yè)的定義

（3）美容師的定義

b、美容史：

（1）美容的起源

（2）世界美容發(fā)展簡史

（3）中國現(xiàn)代美容發(fā)展簡史

（4）現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)美容簡況

　3、美容師職業(yè)形象及素養(yǎng)

（1）儀表

（2）儀態(tài)

　4、美容院衛(wèi)生與消毒

（1）細(xì)菌與病毒知識

（2）美容院衛(wèi)生

（3）美容院常用消毒方法

5、安全知識

（1）安全防火常識

（2）美容院安全防火注意事項(xiàng)

6、人體生理解剖常識

（1）細(xì)胞常識

（2）人體基本組織常識

（3）人體器官與系統(tǒng)常識

7、人體皮膚生理知識

（1）人體皮膚結(jié)構(gòu)

（2）人體皮膚生理功能及動態(tài)變化

（3）正常皮膚類型

（4）常見皮膚問題簡介

8、美容化妝品基本知識

（1）化妝品原料基礎(chǔ)知識

（2）美容院常用化妝品分類、主要成分、特點(diǎn)、作用及使用方法

（3）化妝品的安全常識

9、相關(guān)法律法規(guī)知識

（1）勞動法相關(guān)知識

（2）治安法規(guī)相關(guān)知識

（3）消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)法相關(guān)知識

（4）衛(wèi)生法規(guī)相關(guān)知識

實(shí)操考試內(nèi)容

初級：咨詢、護(hù)理、攝影化妝、影像設(shè)計(jì)、洗眉、美甲、儀器保養(yǎng)、成本核算。

中級：接待、咨詢與指導(dǎo)、皮膚清潔護(hù)理、化妝、美甲、美睫、穿耳孔、修飾美容、儀器使用。

高級：接待、咨詢、鑒別分析皮膚、護(hù)理、藝術(shù)化妝、紋眉、減肥、脫毛、培訓(xùn)指導(dǎo)、經(jīng)營管理。

技師：面部芳香護(hù)理、面部刮痧、面部撥筋、身體芳香護(hù)理、色彩測試與搭配、化晚宴妝、培訓(xùn)指導(dǎo)、技術(shù)管理。

高級技師：美容護(hù)理項(xiàng)目開發(fā)、美容護(hù)理綜合方案制定、形象分析指導(dǎo)、創(chuàng)意造型、培訓(xùn)指導(dǎo)、技術(shù)管理。?

注意事項(xiàng)

1、學(xué)員請?jiān)诳荚嚠?dāng)天提前45分鐘到校準(zhǔn)備。

2、請學(xué)員帶身份證原件進(jìn)考場，方便檢查。

3、所有回?？荚噷W(xué)員需穿校服，戴學(xué)生證方可進(jìn)入考場。

4、考試過程中，請保持考場清潔。

5、考試過程中，請考生不要隨意接聽電話，把電話關(guān)閉或調(diào)成振動。

備考指南

（一）《美容師國家職業(yè)技能鑒定考核指導(dǎo)》叢書

叢書是由人力資源和社會保障部職業(yè)技能鑒定中心為參加國家職業(yè)資格考試的考生們提供專業(yè)考前備考復(fù)習(xí)資料而開發(fā)的，《美容師國家職業(yè)技能鑒定考核指導(dǎo)》分為中、高兩個級別，共兩本圖書。

叢書內(nèi)容包括考情觀察、考核思路、組卷方式、試卷結(jié)構(gòu)、考核內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)表、鑒定要素細(xì)目表、考核時間與要求、應(yīng)試技巧及復(fù)習(xí)方法（命題視角、答題要求、答題技巧）、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)、考核要點(diǎn)、考點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航、仿真訓(xùn)練、模擬試卷、參考答案等角度全方位解讀美容師職業(yè)資格考核內(nèi)容。

（二）國家職業(yè)資格考試練測平臺

國家職業(yè)資格考試練測平臺是在《國家職業(yè)技能鑒定考核指導(dǎo) 》系列叢書的基礎(chǔ)上組織近千名職業(yè)資格考試專家和職業(yè)測評專家共同開發(fā)的，主要側(cè)重在國家職業(yè)資格考試?yán)碚摬糠?，進(jìn)一步完善并豐富了大量的理論知識仿真訓(xùn)練試題，考生可通過電腦、手機(jī)進(jìn)行練習(xí)和自測，以便考前精準(zhǔn)補(bǔ)救，順利通過職業(yè)資格考試。

國家職業(yè)資格考試練測平臺分為強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練和模擬測評兩部分：

強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練嚴(yán)格遵循職業(yè)資格考試內(nèi)容（職業(yè)技能鑒定要素細(xì)目表），試題分布與章、節(jié)、知識點(diǎn)相對應(yīng)，考生可根據(jù)學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)度任意選擇知識點(diǎn)，系統(tǒng)實(shí)時呈現(xiàn)各知識點(diǎn)練習(xí)情況，實(shí)時記憶答錯試題信息，反復(fù)抽取，自動記錄整體及各知識點(diǎn)答題信息，以幫助考生了解并檢驗(yàn)自己的學(xué)習(xí)效果，強(qiáng)化知識點(diǎn)的熟練把握，加強(qiáng)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)學(xué)習(xí)，順利通過考試。

模擬測評與職業(yè)資格真實(shí)考試的考試時間、題型、題量等完全一致，是一次考試方法 、考試內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)、考試題型的提前預(yù)演，幫助考生提前進(jìn)入熱身賽環(huán)節(jié)，提前熟悉考試環(huán)境、考試規(guī)則及試題表現(xiàn)形式，并可以提前演練考試技巧和答題技巧 。尤其是測評結(jié)束后系統(tǒng)即時自動生成測評報(bào)告，便于考生了解自己各知識點(diǎn)的掌握情況，為進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練和精準(zhǔn)補(bǔ)救提供參考，為提高正式考試成績奠定基礎(chǔ)。

題型題量分配

初級、中級、高級、技師理論知識：

高級技師理論知識：

技能操作：

小提醒

美容師證書的考試范圍相對較廣，筆試部分從基礎(chǔ)的五官比例到難度大一點(diǎn)的妝面處理細(xì)節(jié)，還有職業(yè)理念等等都涵蓋在內(nèi)。

操作部分化妝包含生活妝、新娘妝、秀禾妝、復(fù)古妝、鮮花造型等等各種各樣的造型，美容部分包含臉部的按摩手法、問題性肌膚的診斷及治療方案的設(shè)計(jì)等，涉及到的知識點(diǎn)比較多，要注意各種妝面和手法的掌握。

合格標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

初、中、高級資格證主要為理論閉卷與實(shí)操和綜合評審，實(shí)行的是60分及格制度，考核時間為理論與實(shí)操各90分鐘；技師與高級技師也是采用同樣的方式與評分制，理論與實(shí)操時間為120分鐘。

成績查詢

考試通過后一般在20個工作日可以查詢成績，60個工作日得到紙質(zhì)人社部下發(fā)職業(yè)證書。

查詢成績可以在國家職業(yè)資格工作網(wǎng)查詢：http://www.osta.org.cn/

領(lǐng)取證書一般是在報(bào)名的機(jī)構(gòu)直接領(lǐng)取就行。

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"美容師是指根據(jù)顧客的臉型、皮膚特點(diǎn)和要求，為其清潔、護(hù)理、保養(yǎng)皮膚，美化容顏的人員。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RWMAdsOQyoe2uixuOPDcU5F7n3g"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"基本技能","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UA8odmkssoOGYExGsPacRVUtnPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"美容師需要掌握以下基本技能","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KYCSdCCSMo4KEAx8PZfcUUKqnjh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一、皮膚護(hù)理：能對全身皮膚進(jìn)行護(hù)理；能根據(jù)皮膚的特點(diǎn)選用保養(yǎng)品；能指導(dǎo)顧客對全身皮膚進(jìn)行養(yǎng)護(hù)、保?。孩賴鴥?nèi)外高新技術(shù)；②保養(yǎng)品功效、原料作用機(jī)理；③全身皮膚護(hù)理的常用穴位；④皮膚病理生理；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"L4GYdEyWyoWCoKxE10ccmT2Fntc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"二、化妝：（一）夢幻妝：能畫夢幻妝，知道個性化妝造型要素；服裝設(shè)計(jì)造型知識；常用造型材料的性質(zhì)及應(yīng)用知識；人體彩繪造型應(yīng)用知識。（二）個性化妝：造型能進(jìn)行創(chuàng)意化妝；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FkuAdgY0IouqcgxkRbpc8zLPnLf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"三、紋飾美容：（一）紋眉：能夠根據(jù)顧客的臉型及年齡、皮膚物質(zhì)、職業(yè)等客觀因素，設(shè)計(jì)出自然的眉形、睫毛線；能運(yùn)用多種紋術(shù)手段進(jìn)行飾洗修；能指導(dǎo)他人進(jìn)行紋飾洗修，并能處理紋后皮膚異常反應(yīng)：①各種皮膚異常反應(yīng)的類型；②紋后皮膚異常反應(yīng)處理方法。（二）紋睫毛線；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NOUmdOiKeo4EWOxGA28cClZ3noj"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"四、美體：能指導(dǎo)他人對各種類型的體形進(jìn)行分析；能指導(dǎo)他人結(jié)各類體形的減肥健胸選擇最佳方法；能指導(dǎo)他人用多種方法進(jìn)行減肥健胸；能指導(dǎo)他人減肥健胸后的保健輔導(dǎo)及多種美體方法：①國內(nèi)外減肥健胸方法腦發(fā)展趨勢；②各種肥胖原因，減肥健胸新儀器的功效；③減肥健胸后的異常情況的成因和處理方法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"F2uGdMgEEo2YE2xGuoicziCSnJf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"五、培訓(xùn)指導(dǎo)：（一）指導(dǎo)能指導(dǎo)初、中、高級美容師教學(xué)教法基本知識。（二）教學(xué)①能勝任培訓(xùn)工作；②能撰寫工作總結(jié)、經(jīng)驗(yàn)總結(jié)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DmuqdkKI2oSawkxSOBkcjRAyn7c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"六、經(jīng)營管理：（一）營銷策劃：能組織美容院進(jìn)行有效的廣告宣傳；能組織建立銷售網(wǎng)絡(luò)：①廣告學(xué)基本知識及市場營銷知識；②經(jīng)營管理基本知識；③企業(yè)經(jīng)營管理相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)基本知識。（二）技術(shù)更新能定期接受新技術(shù)培訓(xùn)，并能熟練運(yùn)用一些新技術(shù)進(jìn)行操作國內(nèi)外美容發(fā)展趨勢及新技術(shù)、新方法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XQ22dYKW2oGwcGxLKZ5cDcIInFR"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"證書等級","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Vesad0AEco8KKKxeY6LchoJunIg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"目前美容師資格證主要分為初級、中級、高級、技師和高級技師這五個等級。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Emk4d2eW6oMoaKxIN9Ncmep4n5e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"每個等級的申報(bào)條件不一樣，證書在外部的權(quán)威性也略有差別，證書等級越高權(quán)威性越高，一般建議考取中級美容師證以上的證書。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TkEudOqYso6YS4xmSRCcKz6Lnrh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"下面是證書等級的具體報(bào)考條件，具備以下條件之一者即可提報(bào)相應(yīng)等級考試。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"M4CKdAmCEoq2EGxkdB0cmabjn8d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"初級美容師","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnZl0wiSOQTO8BmVMS42GIjb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"初級美容師證也是國家職業(yè)資格五級證書。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MyASdmOOuo48mexYNo3csykanac"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、年滿19周歲，持有身份證者，且學(xué)習(xí)美容相關(guān)課程，經(jīng)本職業(yè)初級正規(guī)培訓(xùn)達(dá)規(guī)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)時數(shù)，并取得結(jié)業(yè)證書。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnG9rM6V05Uvmq9TpPjh3ILg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、在本職業(yè)連續(xù)見習(xí)工作2年以上。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnd2TJdc4kbC5yfNcTjobQmb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":415,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"初級美容師","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/018f77bb1e5b4e0eba57a479049bd270","width":624},"text":"","id":"FoGwdu64qo4OUOxITpEcoZN3nnM"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"中級美容師","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnxTGywQvAGlgGPavtXss1jb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中級美容師相當(dāng)于國家職業(yè)資格四級證書，年滿21周歲。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OsqgdaImco6aekxsU4WcNH6OnXp"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、取得本職業(yè)初級職業(yè)資格證書后，連續(xù)從事本職業(yè)工作2年以上，經(jīng)本職業(yè)中級正規(guī)培訓(xùn)達(dá)規(guī)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)時數(shù)，并取得結(jié)業(yè)證書。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnfHoCRwliKrDO7ziZzyVlzh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、取得本職業(yè)初級職業(yè)資格證書后，連續(xù)從事本職業(yè)工作5年以上。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnfxFgjbpEK9pQk8quPFrWOd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、取得經(jīng)勞動保障行政部門審核認(rèn)定的、以中級技能為培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)的中等以上職業(yè)學(xué)校本職業(yè)( 專業(yè)) 畢業(yè)證書。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnlSCr4OFHxvEh4arre5XQNg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"高級美容師","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnPoZiVjfAqbwGSFzzewnimh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"高級美容師相當(dāng)于國家職業(yè)資格三級證書，年滿23周歲。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DskcdAiYeokAwMxMrJocXuQQned"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、取得本職業(yè)中級職業(yè)資格證書后，連續(xù)從事本職業(yè)工作4年以上，經(jīng)本職業(yè)高級正規(guī)培訓(xùn)達(dá)規(guī)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)時數(shù)，并取得結(jié)業(yè)證書。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGRMlg0s3x27fQNEDEKFKqe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、取得本職業(yè)中級職業(yè)資格證書后，連續(xù)從事本職業(yè)工作7年以上。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnPicewyjCR5yDBbxxJFlpEc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、取得本職業(yè)中級職業(yè)資格證書的大專或相關(guān)專業(yè)畢業(yè)生,連續(xù)從事本職業(yè)工作2年以上。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnJKylDFgMtO9i4kmjOQFCEh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、取得經(jīng)","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"高級技工學(xué)校","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"或勞動保障行政部門審核認(rèn)定的、以高級技能為培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)的高等以上職業(yè)學(xué)校本職業(yè)(專業(yè)) 畢業(yè)證書。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUZX57Ry08HasZ69EZryWul"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"技師","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngNnARfelMcRvcn501MDB5e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"技師相當(dāng)于國家職業(yè)資格二級證書。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Um6Kd2ieaomqKAxmyPAcmOJ1n0e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、取得本職業(yè)高級職業(yè)資格證書后，連續(xù)從事本職業(yè)工作5年以上，經(jīng)本職業(yè)技師正規(guī)培訓(xùn)達(dá)規(guī)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)時數(shù)，并取得結(jié)業(yè)證書。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnY0QEqQNdcLy3rHOq6HbXSf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、取得本職業(yè)高級職業(yè)資格證書后，連續(xù)從事本職業(yè)工作8年以上。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnnzRQAJGRTkzF1eZPQk8pMt"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、取得本職業(yè)高級職業(yè)資格證書后的高級技工學(xué)校本職業(yè)（專業(yè)）畢業(yè)生，連續(xù)從事本職業(yè)工作2年以上。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn5tnWMgPnkxHD6XmbJlGkKW"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":407,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"技師","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f4bf4e8c57f142798bb7ae87f1ba2868","width":693},"text":"","id":"ASC6dGqsAoCOi4x3dHpcc6seniH"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"高級技師","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQzDZpYD6Tr2ozUveVqm7kh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"高級技師相當(dāng)于國家職業(yè)資格一級證書。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AEeidaSQgoMUm0xkbgBcv8Mnngd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、取得本職業(yè)技師職業(yè)資格證書后，連續(xù)從事本職業(yè)工作3年以上，經(jīng)本職業(yè)高級技師正規(guī)培訓(xùn)達(dá)規(guī)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)時數(shù)，并取得結(jié)業(yè)證書。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnd9C4NiaL3KiSqQndLaZmSe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、取得本職業(yè)技師職業(yè)資格證書后，連續(xù)從事本職業(yè)工作6年以上。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnY6H1BxuXyHoPaAPR9w1FCf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":576,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"高級技師","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0c4a711d52fb477ea086a5cdf7d56651","width":650},"text":"","id":"QacadyMKkouGYYxUFgjceEFzntg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"考試方式","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnhFMZQNhbwJ3KYg58Gpp7le"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"考核形式","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEd60vDpUFSTeaVA1GUVSWb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、考核方式：包括理論知識考試和操作技能考核兩部分。理論知識考試采用閉卷筆試方式，技能操作考核采用現(xiàn)場實(shí)際操作方式 。理論知識考試和技能操作考核均實(shí)行百分制，成績皆達(dá)60分以上者為合格。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMEWi07Hfj0TOA5KmKDA2Wd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、考試時間：初、中級級別：理論知識考試為100分鐘，技能操作考核為90分鐘 。高級級別：理論知識考試為120分鐘，技能操作考核為120分鐘。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIcKb0gpZJapExpsN4QnuPh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"考試內(nèi)容","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4u3xmoMDssedaS6e2g5Fab"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"理論考試內(nèi)容","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnfnpot7Gnynxb7oCwFWDQve"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"理論知識考試試題難度以中等難度為主，約占70%；難度低的試題約占20%；難度高的試題約占10%。理論考試涵蓋以下內(nèi)容：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MW40dk2oQo2MsExEd0hcOu0anUb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、職業(yè)道德","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LmI6dIYWso2UKUxOOwtcQudXnTe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）職業(yè)道德基本要求","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DWg0dg6OeogsaoxEf7IcFSh7nYf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）職業(yè)守則","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EMY4dkcSOoEukkx8R06cGQsOn4d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、基礎(chǔ)知識","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LUyIdIsSuoQ6uOxWkhmcuC6onbe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"a、美容的基本概念：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WOkedYq2mogMUwx1fi3cYEVKnfT"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）美容的定義及分類","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KK8Cd4WMsogmKOxGWoWcIQHSnYe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）美容業(yè)的定義","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZG0odiseeo4YssxQjuccBddDnmd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（3）美容師的定義","id":""}],"text":"","id":"L2gGdkC2qo0SQ4xCU0ecpomdn9f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"b、美容史：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"X28sdGQAWoOgOgxVGlNcu4WunIa"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）美容的起源","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UicGdGoUiosmwQxmJmscpxt6n0H"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）世界美容發(fā)展簡史","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FueedAQ2Qo2M0wxmAohcpLLJnYe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（3）中國現(xiàn)代美容發(fā)展簡史","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZQIwdCGwqo02EcxIETfcrVEfnVA"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（4）現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)美容簡況","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Tmy2deMoio6GssxCGjPcRiH5n6d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"　3、美容師職業(yè)形象及素養(yǎng)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SiyYdY8CqocYIsxyc34cWSuAnNg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）儀表","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IQwkdWWm6oGKqgxWCFUcGjScn8r"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）儀態(tài)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RomodeakCoOKGaxs5QDcs26pnrd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"　4、美容院衛(wèi)生與消毒","id":""}],"text":"","id":"O8G2dI8uCoWKgmxUXRCcBihxndc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）細(xì)菌與病毒知識","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FIEidKySioe0MGxoNIxc0qoYnLb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）美容院衛(wèi)生","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HMEIdsQymowUEExYHw7cqqvan0f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（3）美容院常用消毒方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IEQ8d2uUCoIew6xK0HGcag1enzd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、安全知識","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ICwGdse6qoeCEUxBwKscFXTPnj5"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）安全防火常識","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TCSqdQsaSo6aQQx6c47cXDj5n9g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）美容院安全防火注意事項(xiàng)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V6kOdwgEUoqmOUxG4SgcMPKTnRh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、人體生理解剖常識","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ICKMdSYyoomweMxCgLEc0k5snzc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）細(xì)胞常識","id":""}],"text":"","id":"W6s8dIyEKooqo2xE51ecGZJln7f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）人體基本組織常識","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Wm0od4qcSoucQQxitr0cbNgbn1X"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（3）人體器官與系統(tǒng)常識","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CgGmdW0EqooGKKx47F6caPynnih"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、人體皮膚生理知識","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KwW0deoOEoGqs2xGiJGcNt31nn4"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）人體皮膚結(jié)構(gòu)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NO6AdA8uGo8WeQxADY4cvwQbn2e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）人體皮膚生理功能及動態(tài)變化","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JqK8dEG0ioMwWexENIPcR6Csn3g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（3）正常皮膚類型","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PecedusAyoqo6uxabrlccPLenJn"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（4）常見皮膚問題簡介","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NwGIdwyMqoUis2x6tx3cMxIcncf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8、美容化妝品基本知識","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CqOedYI0UoiwEUx29rpcxEmdn6c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）化妝品原料基礎(chǔ)知識","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VMO0dKIuQo0gesxEW17cRotJnqb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）美容院常用化妝品分類、主要成分、特點(diǎn)、作用及使用方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Uw80dwQs4o0EUIxyaO7cfsj8ndd"},{"type":"paragra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","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnHgnctlWyQHP3pPbsCUrYBf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"叢書是由人力資源和社會保障部職業(yè)技能鑒定中心為參加","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"國家職業(yè)資格考試","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"的考生們提供專業(yè)考前備考復(fù)習(xí)資料而開發(fā)的，《美容師國家職業(yè)技能鑒定考核指導(dǎo)》分為中、高兩個級別，共兩本圖書。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnxEuFmRiKCuhQeYQRRsEUFh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"叢書內(nèi)容包括考情觀察、考核思路、組卷方式、試卷結(jié)構(gòu)、考核內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)表、鑒定要素細(xì)目表、考核時間與要求、應(yīng)試技巧及復(fù)習(xí)方法（命題視角、答題要求、答題技巧）、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)、考核要點(diǎn)、考點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航、仿真訓(xùn)練、模擬試卷、參考答案等角度全方位解讀美容師職業(yè)資格考核內(nèi)容。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneK2fuPR71NDZS3RuQXF5sf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":550,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"備考指南","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/128e4d8389794b3cb7fcfc7e26d36b07","width":551},"text":"","id":"PYGedioeyo8WIMxCqD4cMvyKnUe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（二）國家職業(yè)資格考試練測平臺 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn37tAl9BpHTbvqffZJTjukc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"國家職業(yè)資格考試練測平臺","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"是在《國家職業(yè)技能鑒定考核指導(dǎo) 》系列叢書的基礎(chǔ)上組織近千名職業(yè)資格考試專家和職業(yè)測評專家共同開發(fā)的，主要側(cè)重在國家職業(yè)資格考試?yán)碚摬糠郑M(jìn)一步完善并豐富了大量的理論知識仿真訓(xùn)練試題，考生可通過電腦、手機(jī)進(jìn)行練習(xí)和自測，以便考前精準(zhǔn)補(bǔ)救，順利通過職業(yè)資格考試。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnNR2kEnBuJOVy6DHq4TS7nb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"國家職業(yè)資格考試練測平臺分為強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練和模擬測評兩部分：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqq94kMxFJrM12xt5d6o2ig"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練嚴(yán)格遵循職業(yè)資格考試內(nèi)容（職業(yè)技能鑒定要素細(xì)目表），試題分布與章、節(jié)、知識點(diǎn)相對應(yīng)，考生可根據(jù)學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)度任意選擇知識點(diǎn)，系統(tǒng)實(shí)時呈現(xiàn)各知識點(diǎn)練習(xí)情況，實(shí)時記憶答錯試題信息，反復(fù)抽取，自動記錄整體及各知識點(diǎn)答題信息，以幫助考生了解并檢驗(yàn)自己的學(xué)習(xí)效果，強(qiáng)化知識點(diǎn)的熟練把握，加強(qiáng)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)學(xué)習(xí)，順利通過考試。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnNz2TVrgQERXhwlPruAbtph"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"模擬測評與職業(yè)資格真實(shí)考試的考試時間、題型、題量等完全一致，是一次考試方法 、考試內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)、考試題型的提前預(yù)演，幫助考生提前進(jìn)入熱身賽環(huán)節(jié)，提前熟悉考試環(huán)境、考試規(guī)則及試題表現(xiàn)形式，并可以提前演練考試技巧和答題技巧 。尤其是測評結(jié)束后系統(tǒng)即時自動生成測評報(bào)告，便于考生了解自己各知識點(diǎn)的掌握情況，為進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練和精準(zhǔn)補(bǔ)救提供參考，為提高正式考試成績奠定基礎(chǔ)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnnTYp4MZ86XtrTd035i3Lm3"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"題型題量分配","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0ygsshzxFKZKJILBf0v3pf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"初級、中級、高級、技師理論知識：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JoS8dGQicoOYm6xCnvZc4QQbn94"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"高級技師理論知識：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OqwodGgIyo46mUxCOtucWe0Inid"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"技能操作：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IaqCdSWOIo2EA6x2pkscfkxln7g"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"小提醒","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkzMqZh7d3DXwQ9oiAek04g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"美容師證書的考試范圍相對較廣，筆試部分從基礎(chǔ)的五官比例到難度大一點(diǎn)的妝面處理細(xì)節(jié)，還有職業(yè)理念等等都涵蓋在內(nèi)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS17BFiDxTjbXJumvOmPyMb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"操作部分化妝包含生活妝、新娘妝、秀禾妝、復(fù)古妝、鮮花造型等等各種各樣的造型，美容部分包含臉部的按摩手法、問題性肌膚的診斷及治療方案的設(shè)計(jì)等，涉及到的知識點(diǎn)比較多，要注意各種妝面和手法的掌握。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2Yht8gRLTVJkUK19ljaknd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":518,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"小提醒","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/acc18fcd9675441a83bb2e4a241b957f","width":793},"text":"","id":"WEcIdO6E6oM8MoxWIbDcciRjn3c"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"合格標(biāo)準(zhǔn)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TG4gdmk8Goi2s0xAbdDcowXUn8b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"初、中、高級資格證主要為理論閉卷與實(shí)操和綜合評審，實(shí)行的是60分及格制度，考核時間為理論與實(shí)操各90分鐘；技師與高級技師也是采用同樣的方式與評分制，理論與實(shí)操時間為120分鐘。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"X42adIkkioQ2qwxLVD6c8SqvnMp"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"成績查詢","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G6SAdyMAEouoyOxicZ7cwqXRnqf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"考試通過后一般在20個工作日可以查詢成績，60個工作日得到紙質(zhì)人社部下發(fā)職業(yè)證書。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OgqmduQ0KoK6cYxwFs5cuLGln3c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"查詢成績可以在國家職業(yè)資格工作網(wǎng)查詢：","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"http://www.osta.org.cn/"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"http://www.osta.org.cn/","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NIuAdCo24oIOO6x4Mo5c4j2BnLb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"領(lǐng)取證書一般是在報(bào)名的機(jī)構(gòu)直接領(lǐng)取就行。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E2qsdAomIo82i6xcVXjcEW82nUc"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E

4. 攝影cn雜志

可以投稿的雜志有《大眾攝影》、《中國攝影》、《攝影世界》、《人像攝影》等。

一、大眾攝影

《大眾攝影》由中國攝影家協(xié)會主辦,創(chuàng)刊于1958年,是目前中國大陸發(fā)行量最大的攝影專業(yè)月刊。

二、中國攝影

《中國攝影》雜志是由中國攝影家協(xié)會主辦的一本專業(yè)性攝影藝術(shù)月刊，它刊登國內(nèi)外攝影藝術(shù)精品，提供國內(nèi)外豐富的攝影信息。

三、攝影世界

新華通訊社主辦的《攝影世界》創(chuàng)刊于1956年，《攝影世界》廣泛地介紹國外攝影名家名作、實(shí)用攝影技術(shù)技巧；及時地報(bào)道各類攝影器材與數(shù)碼影像技術(shù)最新發(fā)展動態(tài)以及國內(nèi)外攝影信息等方面突出風(fēng)格與特色，保持可讀性和實(shí)用性、權(quán)威性和時代感。《攝影世界》著重介紹國內(nèi)外攝影工作者和愛好者的佳作、拍攝體會以及實(shí)用的攝影技術(shù)和技巧。

四、人像攝影

所謂人像攝影，是指通過攝影的形式，在照片上用鮮明突出的形象描繪和表現(xiàn)被攝者相貌和神態(tài)的作品，它是被攝者自己的影像寫真。

5. 攝影cnu app

作為一名設(shè)計(jì)師，推薦9個超小眾，頁面設(shè)計(jì)讓人驚艷，美到窒息的APP！頁面的設(shè)計(jì)感太強(qiáng)了，對我們的設(shè)計(jì)有很大借鑒意義。1 折扇一款中國風(fēng)的折扇信息普及軟件。

設(shè)計(jì)美到巔峰是什么樣子，大概就是折扇這款軟件的樣子，每一個頁面都能讓人端詳半天。

這是一款科普扇子文化的軟件，你可以詳細(xì)的查看每款扇子。了解關(guān)于扇子的知識，此外，APP的動畫和觸感，讓人心動，太美了！

你自己可以親手體驗(yàn)制作扇子的全過程，制作屬于自己的扇子！有時，給客戶做一些中國風(fēng)的PPT，沒有創(chuàng)意時，我會選擇參考下。2 VOI一款超級有趣，幫助開發(fā)大腦，增強(qiáng)記憶力的軟件！界面設(shè)計(jì)美的一塌糊涂！前段時間，一直沉迷于《最強(qiáng)大腦》綜藝，里面經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)層疊消融的游戲，當(dāng)時覺得很有趣，于是找了很多的軟件，最終選擇了VOI

這是一款幫助我們提升記憶力，開發(fā)大腦思維的益智類游戲，界面很清爽，總共88關(guān)，從容易到困難！游戲內(nèi)容也很簡單，按照給定的圖形，進(jìn)行拼接，利用奇消偶不消原則！配合音樂和觸感，完美！

放個動圖感覺下：

3 日本的傳統(tǒng)色一款日本色彩集合的軟件，因?yàn)轭伾拿?，讓APP的設(shè)計(jì)超好看！簡單截圖感受下

APP上面直接給出了對應(yīng)的色值，長按便可直接復(fù)制色值！這有什么用呢？很簡單，當(dāng)我們在進(jìn)行手機(jī)修圖或手機(jī)繪畫時，可直接復(fù)制喜歡的顏色，很方便。4 生辰一款關(guān)于生、死、心愿的App！APP很簡單，但界面設(shè)計(jì)很美！

你可以選擇自己的出生日期，而后軟件會幫你計(jì)算，余生還剩多長時間。軟件不停的走動，會讓你產(chǎn)生一種恐慌感，想趕快去做想做的事情，比如跟愛的姑娘表白，陪爸爸媽媽旅行等等。

當(dāng)然，讓你知道時間的緊迫，是為了讓你更好的活在當(dāng)下，你可以在軟件上建立自己的心愿庫，很暖心的APP。5 榫接卯和一款木匠手藝人知識科普的APP，跟折扇出自同一家公司，界面設(shè)計(jì)也沒話說！

每一個界面隨意截圖，都像是一副海報(bào)，版式，字體，圖片的使用恰到好處！

APP超實(shí)用，幫我們科普各種木制結(jié)構(gòu)，了解木匠的歷史，當(dāng)然你也可以在APP上制作屬于自己的木器！高質(zhì)量的三維模型，可以三維實(shí)時查看－分解經(jīng)典的27款榫卯結(jié)構(gòu)，配合上音樂和觸感，美到窒息，在這樣美的界面設(shè)計(jì)APP上，做出屬于自己的木器，該是多么幸福的事情！當(dāng)然我并沒有做出來好看的，期待你了。6 鵝說鵝說是一款超有趣的資訊獲取軟件，用科學(xué)的方式講「不正經(jīng)知識」的 APP！設(shè)計(jì)當(dāng)然也很獨(dú)到！

每天翻看下，獲取無數(shù)冷知識，增加聊天的趣味性，補(bǔ)充不一樣的冷知識！所有的知識都以卡片的形式進(jìn)行展示，對文中重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行提煉，以詞條的形式對知識進(jìn)行解釋，同時還較貼心的做了關(guān)聯(lián)閱讀，一個卡片詞條，可以無限延展獲取同類型知識！

對于比較復(fù)雜的電影熱點(diǎn)等，都會進(jìn)行關(guān)系圖的梳理。這個冷門軟件，會讓你獲取很多有趣的知識！頁面的扁平化設(shè)計(jì)也是很舒服，每次的新聞翻轉(zhuǎn)，讓人有不斷讀下去的欲望！7 西窗燭一款中華詩詞學(xué)習(xí)的APP。

因?qū)儆诠诺漕愋?，頁面的整體設(shè)計(jì)上中國風(fēng)很足，版式排版有很多值得參考的地方，尤其是在做中國風(fēng)相關(guān)排版時：

APP很實(shí)用，每天一看可以增強(qiáng)我們的文化底蘊(yùn)，出口成章，小文青必備APP。每天學(xué)習(xí)詩歌，可以是一首詩，一個短視頻，一幅畫，一盞燈，總之讓你充分感受中國詩歌文化！8 KAMI2一款折紙藝術(shù)的益智小游戲，軟件打開的設(shè)計(jì)讓人眼前一亮：

配合音樂，簡直完美！界面的設(shè)計(jì)很舒服：

這個游戲，讓你充分了解折紙的藝術(shù)，開發(fā)大腦，后面越來越難，我時常感覺腦子不夠用。有人通關(guān)了嗎？9 片場一款小眾電影旅行APP，跟其他APP不同的是，這款A(yù)PP是基于電影電視劇片場進(jìn)行推薦的，讓你跟著電影去旅行。APP的設(shè)計(jì)界面是典型的雜志排版風(fēng)格：

排版錯落有致，文字和圖片的處理都很清爽。

APP中精心收集國內(nèi)外經(jīng)典影視劇的經(jīng)典取景地，為跟著電影去旅行的驢友提供詳實(shí)的目的地資訊。你可以搜尋地圖，去電影拍攝過的地方感受，別有一番滋味，很小眾的APP，但真的很精致，適合旅行一組使用！好了，以上是我發(fā)現(xiàn)的9款有設(shè)計(jì)感的APP，當(dāng)然，優(yōu)秀的APP還有很多，我也會不斷的嘗試，算是我做PPT的生涯中一點(diǎn)小興趣。

6. 攝影cnu什么意思

結(jié)婚是每個人一生中最幸福的時刻，如果婚禮是正餐，那么婚紗照就是餐前甜點(diǎn)，下面介紹婚紗照的拍攝流程。

工作室

規(guī)模

在選擇婚紗攝影工作室的時候，一定要實(shí)地去了解情況，如果是一些連門店都沒有的工作室，不建議大家去選擇。因?yàn)檫@樣的工作室相當(dāng)不專業(yè)，門面不大，價格便宜，很多新人就會沖著低價格選擇路邊商家。不過在進(jìn)行選擇前，一定要注意是否有營業(yè)執(zhí)照。通常來說，要看工作室的規(guī)模大小，處在什么地段，基本設(shè)施是否齊全。比如工作室的停車場，攝影棚，禮服間，還有化妝間等等，這些基本功能區(qū)也是攝影工作室的實(shí)力的一種體現(xiàn)。了解工作室的規(guī)模，可以幫助你更好的做出選擇。

口碑

在拍攝婚紗照之前，可以先詢問身邊拍過婚紗照的朋友，他們對哪家婚紗攝影工作室的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)對比較清楚。也可以參考網(wǎng)上對婚紗攝影工作室的評價，避免被各種廣告和華麗的裝飾所蒙蔽。

拍攝婚紗照，最主要的是看商家的攝影風(fēng)格，以及其服務(wù)質(zhì)量，在確定各個婚紗攝影工作室的特點(diǎn)后，選擇一家最適合的。

親自考察

當(dāng)你對一家滿意時，不要急著下訂單，還需要再多考察幾家，進(jìn)行比較，選擇一家性價比最高的工作室，不僅可以省錢而且也可以拍出自己最滿意的照片。從實(shí)際方面出發(fā)，了解攝影工作室的作品是比較直觀的。通過以往的作品，可以看到攝影公司的攝影風(fēng)格，攝影的水平，了解這些情況對于自己做出選擇會有很大的幫助。

做好預(yù)算

每家婚紗攝影工作室拍攝婚紗照的價格各不相同，從幾百元到上千元不等，在確定攝影工作室之前，我們需要做好預(yù)算，根據(jù)心目中的價格和需要的服務(wù)項(xiàng)目，選出適合的攝影工作室。

影樓

選擇

影樓

如果你有朋友已經(jīng)拍攝過了某家攝影機(jī)構(gòu)，且效果還不錯的情況下，可以選擇他為你推薦的機(jī)構(gòu)?；蛘叩綄?shí)體店去查看，這種比較局限性，不能同時進(jìn)行對比。還可以先到網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺去搜下店鋪，看下片子怎么樣，是否符合自己理想中照片，對于有意向的店鋪可以先進(jìn)行咨詢，然后對比，綜合起來再從而選擇合適自己。

服裝

確定自己所想預(yù)定拍攝的套系可選的服裝區(qū)域在哪里，一般大一點(diǎn)好一些的婚紗店里有很多漂亮的婚紗，但是分三六九等。你想選的套系可選的服裝范圍是哪些，最好先行了解，看看這個范圍里有無自己喜歡的款式。沒有就換套系，否則你在其他區(qū)域選衣服是要另加錢的。

美容

所有的護(hù)膚步驟都建立在清潔之上，所以清潔對于整個護(hù)膚過程非常重要。清潔包括對卸妝和潔面。用卸妝水或是卸妝油將自己的妝容卸干凈，之后再用溫和的洗面奶對臉部進(jìn)行清洗，可以將殘余的化妝品和卸妝水都清洗干凈。

化妝

婚紗照一輩子只有一次，化妝之前你可以提要求，化不好可以重化，再不好可以要求更換化妝師。妝化好了，如果可以的話，去試一些高檔的加價區(qū)的禮服。試試是不需要花錢的，如果有精力，可以把你喜歡的都試一遍。

價格

不同城市的價位是有所區(qū)別的，沿海發(fā)達(dá)的城市消費(fèi)水平比較高，它們婚紗照價格一般就在5000-7000左右，也有比較便宜一些就是在3000-5000，如果在一些比較遠(yuǎn)內(nèi)陸城市它們價位就是在1000-3000之間，所以價格沒有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，還是要看所在的城市。

預(yù)定婚紗照時你先確定要拍哪種產(chǎn)品，還有就是你選擇這套婚紗中都有包括什么，比如說要了解相冊、照片這些數(shù)量，還有就是在拍攝過程服裝套數(shù)，一些景點(diǎn)的選擇，這些你在預(yù)定前一定要先了解清楚，定好以后再談就比較難了。還有就是要避免一些隱形消費(fèi)這些都要先說好。

攻略

拍攝前

拍照前一天心情放松，提前休息，睡前少喝水。以免隔日眼睛浮腫，要有充足的睡眠。帶一些巧克力去，可以補(bǔ)充一下體力。

當(dāng)天新娘請穿膚色絲襪，帶一雙高跟鞋和一雙舒服的平底鞋，以備外拍時穿著。準(zhǔn)備胸貼一副，要是不準(zhǔn)備，工作室或者影樓會提供，價格會貴一些，也不一定符合自己的身材，建議自己準(zhǔn)備。

男士請準(zhǔn)備黑色和白色襪子各一雙，最好是穿休閑鞋去拍照，如果有喜歡的皮鞋，可以攜帶，這樣能減少拍照時帶來的勞累。

新娘勿在家中自行上妝，拍照時，最好不要戴過多的首飾，新娘應(yīng)該穿開前襟的衣服，以免換婚紗時，破壞臉上的妝面及發(fā)型?；榧喌呐滹椂际敲赓M(fèi)使用，如果影樓進(jìn)行收費(fèi)，可以到消費(fèi)者協(xié)會投訴。

可以咨詢婚紗是否出借，有的是可以提供這個服務(wù)的，結(jié)婚時直接穿該工作室/影樓的婚紗結(jié)婚，都可以談。談攏了價格和細(xì)條確定合同后，再交錢。

拍攝中

拍攝的過程中，請與攝影師積極溝通，這樣可以達(dá)到拍攝的最佳效果，有幾個問題需要提前避免。

擁抱太用力：第一次拍照難免緊張，擁抱的時候恨不得將對方嵌入自己的身體，這樣會顯得身體很胖。有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的攝影師會現(xiàn)場引導(dǎo)新人從側(cè)邊抱，背后抱，擁抱輕吻等來代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)的擁抱。

坐姿小技巧：拍照的時候不要像家里一樣，把屁股全部坐滿，只坐凳子的三分之一。身體微微向前傾斜，或者使用道具來遮擋部分身體來顯得身體更瘦也更有氣質(zhì)，腿也是隨著身體前傾而向前伸展的。

站姿小技巧：第一次拍婚紗照或者勞累而顯得身體處于緊繃狀態(tài)，做一些動作的時候也顯得不自然。首先身體要處于放松狀態(tài)，不那么拘束，可以開一些玩笑或者做俏皮的動作，讓照片生動起來。

托腮的時候不要太用力，雖然會顯得臉小，但是用力的話會讓肉像被打了一樣顯得比較胖。首先托腮要自然一點(diǎn)，不要太用力，手可以成扇形不會將臉擠壓，顯得比較可愛。除了托腮，稍微吸氣也可以顯出鎖骨。

如何靠肩顯得唯美：拍婚紗照有一個動作是依偎在老公的肩膀上，明明就是很唯美很好看的動作，拍照的時候卻會身體很僵硬，脖子上的頸紋都擠出來了。首先這種情況可以避免，最簡單的辦法就是新娘退一步，挽著新郎的胳膊，可以肩膀輕斜。

室外攻略

夏天或秋天，天氣依然很熱，在烈日下，汗如雨下地拍婚紗照，很容易中暑。因此隨身攜帶一些防暑藥品，不占空間也不重，在緊急情況下保證人安全。在室外拍攝婚紗照時，必須注意人身安全，在城市中要注意過往車輛，郊外要注意動物。還有在海邊不能離海太近，還應(yīng)該帶上拖鞋、墨鏡、還有驅(qū)蚊液（室外都需要，不僅僅是海灘）

在晴天拍婚紗照的時候紫外線輻射非常強(qiáng)烈，會損害皮膚。所以拍婚紗照，準(zhǔn)備防曬霜保護(hù)皮膚。否則在強(qiáng)烈的陽光照射下，白皮膚容易變紅，影響攝影效果。如果擔(dān)心防曬霜的副作用，可以準(zhǔn)備一把遮陽傘或一頂帽子，最好再帶一個小風(fēng)扇。拍照時把帽子或雨傘放在一邊拍照，拍照間隙戴上帽子或雨傘以防被曬黑。

在拍攝外景婚紗照時，不要像證件照一樣呆板，外景婚紗照應(yīng)該處處透露出自然隨性的感覺。感受自己與愛人正在戶外踏青，藍(lán)天、云、草地都在為你們見證美好的愛情，想想都覺得很幸福。新人可以微微靠攏，營造出甜蜜溫馨之感，不要僵直的并肩站立，這樣會破壞整體畫面的美感。

拍攝婚紗照時，可以參照一些明星模特的照片，他們無論是站還是坐都是精氣十足、挺直腰背，完全不會出現(xiàn)懶散的現(xiàn)象，更不會出現(xiàn)凸肚駝肩的不雅形象，所以新人們在拍攝婚紗照的時候也要特別注意，一定要打起精神來，不要懶散，用鏡頭記錄下自己最美的時刻。

婚紗照避坑

拿樣片當(dāng)客片

樣片：通俗的講就是找專門的模特拍的，好看、角度都非常nice，讓人一看就驚艷到。

客片：這個顧名思義就是客戶，每一個影樓消費(fèi)者拍的片子，是最真實(shí)最能體現(xiàn)攝影師甚至是影樓的好壞的照片。

如何判斷是客片or樣片?

最簡單的辦法就是看抓拍時的表情是否自然，一般不是專業(yè)的模特拍攝婚紗照表情都會略有僵硬，不可因?yàn)轱L(fēng)格景物好看就盲目選擇，人家適合的不一定適合你。

低套餐引流之后加價

選片的時候有“專門”的選片師，會盡可能的夸張照片，讓你多選超出套餐的照片數(shù)量，需要50~100塊一張。在此之前一定要警惕有的影樓會告訴新人，你的片子當(dāng)場選好片帶走，其余的就馬上刪除。加上旁邊銷售人員的“善意提醒” ，都挺好看的，要不都打包帶走吧？大部分普通人是抵不住這股誘惑的

如何避免再次消費(fèi)？

首先確定套餐價格是否是一件全包，盡量具體到細(xì)節(jié)上，如拍攝服裝、首飾、道具、交通等問清楚，然后在交錢時把這些規(guī)定，都要求寫在合同里面，避免后期產(chǎn)生糾紛。

服裝風(fēng)格劃分

婚紗照風(fēng)格類型有很多種，并且每種風(fēng)格里面又有不同的造型和服裝，多種類的搭配使得現(xiàn)在的婚紗照樣式多種多樣，這也是現(xiàn)在新人拍攝婚紗照都會有自己特點(diǎn)的原因。

怎么才能詢問清楚?

一般店家會在套餐中寫明風(fēng)格拍攝幾套，根據(jù)店內(nèi)不同的要求會把服裝風(fēng)格放在一起講，比如一共拍5套風(fēng)格，這時候就要問清楚服裝是怎么算進(jìn)去的，一種風(fēng)格里面有幾套服裝，服裝可不可以多個風(fēng)格使用，一定要具體到服裝上，不要被店家的花言巧語繞進(jìn)去。

詢問底片、精修、入冊張數(shù)有多少：

底片就是拍攝時的照片數(shù)量，也就是原片數(shù)， 精修則是在原片的基礎(chǔ)上通過P圖修飾使照片達(dá)到一定美化效果，目前市面上價格高低很多程度上取決照片精修數(shù)量。

入冊張數(shù):一般婚紗店套餐里會包含相冊跟相框，那么 照片處理后放入相冊相框的數(shù)量

需要詢問些什么問題?

底片是否是全送？精修照片有多少，不滿意是否可以重修？入冊張數(shù)有多少？相冊和相框的照片是否可以重復(fù)？精修照片填不滿相框怎么辦？

照片風(fēng)格

中國風(fēng)

在很多年輕人的認(rèn)識中，傳統(tǒng)婚紗禮服是保守傳統(tǒng)沒有創(chuàng)新的，所以很少有人會選擇中式婚紗，作為整個婚紗照拍攝第一個主題。隨著流行元素的變化，還有各種文化的中和，中式很多創(chuàng)新的部分讓婚紗照看起來更加與眾不同。

室內(nèi)

室外

海邊

日式清新

少女情懷總是詩，每個女生心底都藏著一絲少女情節(jié)。少女感往往象征著年輕、可愛、活力，它給人一種輕盈且嬌嫩的感覺，充滿著生命力和新鮮感，讓人內(nèi)心有所悸動。婚紗照就是將自己最美的青春韶華定格下來。

室內(nèi)

室外

海邊

韓式唯美

近幾年，韓式婚紗照已經(jīng)逐漸進(jìn)入了大家的視野，也深受諸多新人們的喜愛， 韓式婚紗攝影的新娘婚紗通常都是高束腰的，顏色多為白色或者顏色較淺的衣服，款式簡約時尚，沒有什么特別花哨的樣式。韓式婚紗攝影，不論是外景還是內(nèi)景，最好都要純色系的背景，來突出主人公浪漫純真唯美的愛情故事；營造優(yōu)雅恬淡的浪漫愛情氣氛。

室內(nèi)

室外

海邊

青春校園

帶有青春學(xué)院風(fēng)的校園創(chuàng)意婚紗照總是能夠讓人感受到不一樣的力量，回到校園拍一組青春學(xué)院風(fēng)格的婚紗照也是能夠記錄下一段非常美好的回憶的。桌椅、講臺都可以作為拍攝場景。而且黑板是個非常好的道具。

室內(nèi)

室外

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"結(jié)婚是每個人一生中最幸福的時刻，如果婚禮是正餐，那么婚紗照就是餐前甜點(diǎn)，下面介紹婚紗照的拍攝流程。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0WS2c0WAqWGkKaLPpu7uUg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"工作室","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIas842200om6UXVBrcg9ef"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"規(guī)模","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGkMmuWKcOi0qIfOYImeFTb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在選擇婚紗攝影工作室的時候，一定要實(shí)地去了解情況，如果是一些連門店都沒有的工作室，不建議大家去選擇。因?yàn)檫@樣的工作室相當(dāng)不專業(yè)，門面不大，價格便宜，很多新人就會沖著低價格選擇路邊商家。不過在進(jìn)行選擇前，一定要注意是否有營業(yè)執(zhí)照。通常來說，要看工作室的規(guī)模大小，處在什么地段，基本設(shè)施是否齊全。比如工作室的停車場，攝影棚，禮服間，還有化妝間等等，這些基本功能區(qū)也是攝影工作室的實(shí)力的一種體現(xiàn)。了解工作室的規(guī)模，可以幫助你更好的做出選擇。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0O2EAakc8QW6I3JghgbIce"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"口碑","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkaIcG6WsQyg4c7RHlkFrtf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在拍攝婚紗照之前，可以先詢問身邊拍過婚紗照的朋友，他們對哪家婚紗攝影工作室的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)對比較清楚。也可以參考網(wǎng)上對婚紗攝影工作室的評價，避免被各種廣告和華麗的裝飾所蒙蔽。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2uWeKcey6ciK8dgAVLMNyh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"拍攝婚紗照，最主要的是看商家的攝影風(fēng)格，以及其服務(wù)質(zhì)量，在確定各個婚紗攝影工作室的特點(diǎn)后，選擇一家最適合的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOGQSmIESMwI8qspX6BMWQd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"親自考察","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkww2Yqem8aqKoFuCVrW79d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"當(dāng)你對一家滿意時，不要急著下訂單，還需要再多考察幾家，進(jìn)行比較，選擇一家性價比最高的工作室，不僅可以省錢而且也可以拍出自己最滿意的照片。從實(shí)際方面出發(fā)，了解攝影工作室的作品是比較直觀的。通過以往的作品，可以看到攝影公司的攝影風(fēng)格，攝影的水平，了解這些情況對于自己做出選擇會有很大的幫助。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4esIEess86e4ktxwf0C33c"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"做好預(yù)算","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwGOo4KWAqIsyKidM6khN6c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"每家婚紗攝影工作室拍攝婚紗照的價格各不相同，從幾百元到上","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"千","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"元不等，在確定攝影工作室之前，我們需要做好預(yù)算，根據(jù)心目中的價格和需要的服務(wù)項(xiàng)目，選出適合的攝影工作室。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngI2UQE4SMuosqktvpbfkAf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"影樓","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwYwAio2weMIGU722hUJibg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"選擇","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKeGe0sUC2CWmKv7kf3Q70X"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"影樓","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0mOWk4q4Cc6sEf32j97cLf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如果你有朋友已經(jīng)拍攝過了某家攝影機(jī)構(gòu)，且效果還不錯的情況下，可以選擇他為你推薦的機(jī)構(gòu)。或者到實(shí)體店去查看，這種比較局限性，不能同時進(jìn)行對比。還可以先到網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺去搜下店鋪，看下片子怎么樣，是否符合自己理想中照片，對于有意向的店鋪可以先進(jìn)行咨詢，然后對比，綜合起來再從而選擇合適自己","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUmwYmEoYaI08CSxUFSrbRf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"服裝","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKSU4a6YmAyUcSwSwidU9Kc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"確定自己所想預(yù)定拍攝的套系可選的服裝區(qū)域在哪里，一般大一點(diǎn)好一些的婚紗店里有很多漂亮的婚紗，但是分三六九等。你想選的套系可選的服裝范圍是哪些，最好先行了解，看看這個范圍里有無自己喜歡的款式。沒有就換套系，否則你在其他區(qū)域選衣服是要另加錢的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmqo2AMGWW8wO6QyBwkbVfg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"美容","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuIAYCUKkmKYeYbsFoXVscf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"所有的護(hù)膚步驟都建立在清潔之上，所以清潔對于整個護(hù)膚過程非常重要。清潔包括對卸妝和潔面。用卸妝水或是卸妝油將自己的妝容卸干凈，之后再用溫和的洗面奶對臉部進(jìn)行清洗，可以將殘余的化妝品和卸妝水都清洗干凈。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8U4e08wa4YSgwd9cpudqzc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"化妝","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6ksKEs62ckcmwNeU22Coof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"婚紗照一輩子只有一次，化妝之前你可以提要求，化不好可以重化，再不好可以要求更換化妝師。妝化好了，如果可以的話，去試一些高檔的加價區(qū)的禮服。試試是不需要花錢的，如果有精力，可以把你喜歡的都試一遍。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnw0SAGcC6EUWYUJYuRc6T0g"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"價格","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKKE0AoOwKuG8hyyZ8wdZHm"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"不同城市的價位是有所區(qū)別的，沿海發(fā)達(dá)的城市消費(fèi)水平比較高，它們婚紗照價格一般就在5000-7000左右，也有比較便宜一些就是在3000-5000，如果在一些比較遠(yuǎn)內(nèi)陸城市它們價位就是在1000-3000之間，所以價格沒有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，還是要看所在的城市。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKGQAssKGKOaskAJD9jOpub"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"預(yù)定婚紗照時你先確定要拍哪種產(chǎn)品，還有就是你選擇這套婚紗中都有包括什么，比如說要了解相冊、照片這些數(shù)量，還有就是在拍攝過程服裝套數(shù)，一些景點(diǎn)的選擇，這些你在預(yù)定前一定要先了解清楚，定好以后再談就比較難了。還有就是要避免一些隱形消費(fèi)這些都要先說好。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqwWSK4k6sUAASSBKDaBCCh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"攻略","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnU602U0AyYqgu4qeGav93vd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"拍攝前","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwa2I2I6YwiE6AlhaUEX1Hg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"拍照前一天心情放松，提前休息，睡前少喝水。以免隔日眼睛浮腫，要有充足的睡眠。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"帶一些巧克力去，可以補(bǔ)充一下體力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqSOsoY4MsQiWKEQBkscITd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"當(dāng)天新娘請穿膚色絲襪，帶一雙高跟鞋和一雙舒服的平底鞋，以備外拍時穿著。準(zhǔn)備胸貼","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"一副","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"，要是不準(zhǔn)備，工作室或者影樓會提供，價格會貴一些，也不一定符合自己的身材，建議自己準(zhǔn)備。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS0Yw4CiwCqy0Q9sdEzsSig"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"男士請準(zhǔn)備黑色和白色襪子各一雙，最好是穿休閑鞋去拍照，如果有喜歡的皮鞋，可以攜帶，這樣能減少拍照時帶來的勞累。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKygA62GKWCe6ACdahgc1wt"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"新娘勿在家中自行上妝，拍照時，最好不要戴過多的首飾，新娘應(yīng)該穿開前襟的衣服，以免換婚紗時，破壞臉上的妝面及發(fā)型。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"婚紗的配飾都是免費(fèi)使用，如果影樓進(jìn)行收費(fèi)，可以到消費(fèi)者協(xié)會投訴。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0um4CCuWQKy6qsqIE09t2b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"可以咨詢婚紗是否出借，有的是可以提供這個服務(wù)的，結(jié)婚時直接穿該工作室/影樓的婚紗結(jié)婚，都可以談。談攏了價格和細(xì)條確定合同后，再交錢。","id":""}],"text":"","id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，都挺好看的，要不都打包帶走吧？大部分普通人是抵不住這股誘惑的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoSy2mMEEsAsyaYoRTxSSGl"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如何避免再次消費(fèi)？","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncIeOWWkwWysAGo1nCMf5Re"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"首先確定套餐價格是否是一件全包，盡量具體到細(xì)節(jié)上，如拍攝服裝、首飾、道具、交通等問清楚，然后在交錢時把這些規(guī)定，都要求寫在合同里面，避免后期產(chǎn)生糾紛。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmcIOEeg6uos2GkfzUmbOVe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"服裝風(fēng)格劃分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCIyyQACCcsA6qxpe1pXflr"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"婚紗照風(fēng)格類型有很多種，并且每種風(fēng)格里面又有不同的造型和服裝，多種類的搭配使得現(xiàn)在的婚紗照樣式多種多樣，這也是現(xiàn)在新人拍攝婚紗照都會有自己特點(diǎn)的原因。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMsYesA0aAwW0gvZsMB40id"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"怎么才能詢問清楚?","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6Ia4UikS4m6ScY2ys6IjRf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 一般店家會在套餐中寫明風(fēng)格拍攝幾套，根據(jù)店內(nèi)不同的要求會把服裝風(fēng)格放在一起講，比如一共拍5套風(fēng)格，這時候就要問清楚服裝是怎么算進(jìn)去的，一種風(fēng)格里面有幾套服裝，服裝可不可以多個風(fēng)格使用，一定要具體到服裝上，不要被店家的花言巧語繞進(jìn)去。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnq080wigcWUQoaWy3Gj1G6b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"詢問底片、精修、入冊張數(shù)有多少：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcna2SkSQ28qcM22ZehrCEcNe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"底片就是拍攝時的照片數(shù)量，也就是原片數(shù)， 精修則是在原片的基礎(chǔ)上通過P圖修飾使照片達(dá)到一定美化效果，目前市面上價格高低很多程度上取決照片精修數(shù)量。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOOmQooQmg4E6acvKV5b6Ve"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"入冊張數(shù):一般婚紗店套餐里會包含相冊跟相框，那么 照片處理后放入相冊相框的數(shù)量","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUwMeGS2GgGCiaEnYkGKIye"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"需要詢問些什么問題?","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0M8w6kAeSgKIOcPL5cXjkf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"底片是否是全送？精修照片有多少，不滿意是否可以重修？入冊張數(shù)有多少？相冊和相框的照片是否可以重復(fù)？精修照片填不滿相框怎么辦？","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwyYgiQksM2EMWA7npwzKse"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"照片風(fēng)格","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnm2io2eOKSeK6qmIsHCNXVg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"中國風(fēng)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKwE8MYW4UAGGI98MKf1Liu"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在很多年輕人的認(rèn)識中，傳統(tǒng)婚紗禮服是保守傳統(tǒng)沒有創(chuàng)新的，所以很少有人會選擇中式婚紗，作為整個婚紗照拍攝第一個主題。隨著流行元素的變化，還有各種文化的中和，中式很多創(chuàng)新的部分讓婚紗照看起來更加與眾不同。 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韓式婚紗攝影的新娘婚紗通常都是高束腰的，顏色多為白色或者顏色較淺的衣服，款式簡約時尚，沒有什么特別花哨的樣式。韓式婚紗攝影，不論是外景還是內(nèi)景，最好都要純色系的背景，來突出主人公浪漫純真唯美的愛情故事；營造優(yōu)雅恬淡的浪漫愛情氣氛。 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